What are the reasons that affect the machining cutting speed

The machining cutting speed refers to the movement speed of a point on the cutting edge of the tool relative to the workpiece. The faster the movement of a point on the cutting edge, the faster the cutting speed.

Feed rate refers to the distance that the workpiece moves relative to the cutting edge of the tool per unit time, which is equivalent to the distance that the tool needs to move per unit time.

Cutting speed V=(3.14 * Tool diameter D * Machine spindle speed n)/1000, in meters per minute. Feed rate Vf=spindle speed of the machine tool n * number of tool teeth Z * cutting depth fz per tooth, in millimeters per minute.

The spindle speed should be selected based on the allowable cutting speed and tool (or workpiece) diameter. The calculation formula is: n=1000v/π D, where v - cutting speed, in m/min; (m/min) n - Spindle speed, in r/min; (RPM) D - The diameter of the workpiece or tool, in millimeters.

How can we improve machining accuracy by changing the diameter of the cutting tool to achieve better machining results when the other two elements of the three elements remain unchanged?

The larger the diameter D of the tool, the greater the cutting speed V, and the better the cutting effect. However, why not infinitely enlarge the diameter of the tool to achieve a faster cutting speed V in pursuit of better cutting results?

The reason is that the larger the diameter of the tool, the more difficult it is to process the tool itself. Even small errors in the tool itself may lead to excessive dynamic balance of the tool, resulting in greater damage to the spindle during tool rotation. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a suitable tool diameter based on the bearing capacity of the machine spindle.

When the diameter and other factors of the cutting tool are constant, in order to achieve better machining results, I can adjust the number of teeth of the cutting tool appropriately to improve the machining effect. When the number of teeth of the cutting tool is increased, the number of times the workpiece is processed per unit time increases, and the feed rate is fixed with the increase of times. Conversely, the cutting depth is smaller, so the machining effect is also better.

However, having too many teeth on the cutting tool can affect chip removal during the cutting process, resulting in relatively poor machining results. Therefore, professional personnel need to determine the number of teeth on the cutting tool based on the characteristics of the workpiece being processed.

The influence of spindle speed on cutting. N (spindle speed)=1000v (cutting speed)/π D (tool diameter)

From the formula, we can see that there is a mutual relationship between the spindle speed, cutting speed, and tool diameter. The spindle speed is directly proportional to the cutting speed and inversely proportional to the tool diameter. When the tool is selected and the cutting speed is changed, the spindle rotation speed also needs to be changed accordingly.