Introduction to CNC machining programming operation process

There are two programming methods for CNC machining: manual programming and automatic programming. Manual programming, the entire content of the program is manually written according to the instruction format specified by the CNC system. Automatic programming, also known as computer programming, can be divided into automatic programming methods based on language and painting. However, regardless of the automatic programming method used, corresponding supporting hardware and software are required.

It can be seen that achieving CNC machining programming is the key. But programming alone is not enough. CNC machining also includes a series of preparatory work that must be done before programming and post-programming post-processing work. Generally speaking, the CNC machining process mainly includes the following contents:

(1) Select and determine the parts and content for CNC machining.

(2) Process analysis of CNC machining on part drawings.

(3) Process design for CNC machining.

(4) Mathematical processing of part drawings.

(5) Write processing program sheets.

(6) Create control media according to the program sheet.

(7) Program verification and modification.

(8) First piece trial processing and on-site problem handling.

(9) Finalization and archiving of CNC machining process documents.

In order to improve the degree of production automation, shorten the programming time and reduce the cost of NC machining, a series of advanced NC machining technologies have also been developed and used in the aerospace industry. For example, computer numerical control, which uses small or micro computers to replace the controllers in the numerical control system and uses software stored in the computer to perform calculation and control functions, is gradually replacing the initial state of the numerical control system with this soft connected computer numerical control system.

Direct CNC is the use of a computer to directly control multiple CNC machine tools, which is very suitable for small batch and short cycle production of aircraft. The ideal control system is an adaptive control system that can continuously change machining parameters. Although the system itself is complex and expensive, it can improve machining efficiency and quality.

In addition to improving the hardware of CNC systems and machine tools, the development of software is another important aspect of CNC development. Computer assisted programming (also known as automatic programming) is a process in which a programmer writes a program in CNC language, inputs it into a computer for translation, and finally outputs punched tape or magnetic tape automatically by the computer. The widely used CNC language is APT language.

It is generally divided into main processing programs and post processing programs. The former translates the program written by the programmer and calculates the tool path; The latter compiles the tool trajectory into a part processing program for CNC machine tools. CNC machining is the process of writing programs on a computer before processing a workpiece, and then inputting these programs into a machine tool controlled by a computer program for command processing, or directly writing instructions on the control panel of such a computer program controlled machine tool for processing.

The processing process includes: cutting, tool change, speed change, direction change, parking, etc., all of which are automatically completed. CNC machining is an advanced means of modern mold manufacturing and processing. Of course, CNC machining methods are not only used for mold parts processing, but also have a wide range of applications.