Improvement Measures for Surface Roughness in Precision Parts Processing

The process factors that affect surface roughness in precision part machining mainly include cutting amount, tool geometric parameters, and so on. To improve, we need to start from these aspects:

1. Cutting amount

The larger the feed rate, the higher the height of the residual area, and the rougher the surface of the part. Therefore, reducing the feed rate can effectively reduce the surface roughness value.

The cutting speed also has a significant impact on surface roughness. When cutting elastic-plastic materials at medium speed, the surface roughness of the processed parts is relatively high due to the tendency to accumulate chips and significant plastic deformation. Usually, low-speed or high-speed cutting of elastic-plastic materials can effectively avoid the formation of chip deposits, which has a positive effect on reducing surface roughness values.

2. Tool geometric parameters

The main deviation angle, secondary deviation angle, and tool tip arc radius have a direct impact on the surface roughness of precision parts processing. Under a certain feed rate, reducing the main and secondary deviation angles or increasing the tool tip arc radius can reduce the surface roughness value. In addition, increasing the rake and rake angles appropriately can reduce cutting deformation and friction between the front and rear cutting surfaces, suppress the generation of accumulated chips, and also reduce surface roughness values.